It is noteworthy that the word mh\wllwt, translated as “wounds” or “piercings,” which is similar to mh\ll (“wounded” or “pierced”) in Isaiah 53 5, derives from the same Hebrew root (H|LL) as the phrase “h\lly (“the slain,” i.e., “fatally wounded”) of the Kittim [the final foe],” in the truncated line 6 of our fragment. Observe also that the Hebrew verb h\ll is used in Isaiah 51:9 (mh\wllt) and Job 26:13 (h\llh) concerning God’s hand transpiercing the primeval dragon or fleeing serpent In the Greek Psalms of Solomon 2:25–26, the divine punishment of the Roman Pompey, conqueror of Jerusalem in 63 B.C.E., is described thus: “Do not delay, O God, … to declare dishonorable the arrogance of the dragon. And I did not wait long until God showed me his insolence pierced (ekkekentemenon) on the mountains of Egypt.” See Charlesworth, Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, vol. 2, p. 653.

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