Strata: In History

BAR takes a look back at some important events in history that ­happened during the months of September and October.

September 2, 44 B.C. Cleopatra names her four-year-old son by Julius Caesar co-ruler of Egypt with the name Ptolemy XV Caesarion.

September 21, 19 B.C. The Roman poet Virgil, most popular for the Aeneid, Eclogues and the Georgics, dies from fever in Brundisium, leaving the Aeneid unfinished.

October 2, 1187 Saladin captures Jerusalem from the Crusaders.

October 4, 1965 Pope Paul VI makes the first papal visit to the United States.

October 7, 1571 The Battle of Lepanto is fought at the northern edge of the Gulf of Patras, off the coast of western Greece, giving Christians their first victory against the Ottoman empire.

October 13, 1843 B’nai B’rith, the oldest secular Jewish association in the United States, is founded in New York City.

October 22–26, 1979 The Pyramid fields from Giza to Dahshur, Ancient Thebes and Persepolis are among the properties added to the World Heritage List.

October 23, 42 B.C. Mark Antony and Octavian (Augustus) defeat Brutus and Cassius at the Second Battle of Philippi, after which the traitors committed suicide.