Bible Review

Widener Collection, 1942.9.26.

The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Rogers Fund, 1937.37.165.2. The museum’s identification of the figure in the lower left has wandered back and forth between St. Thecla and St. Martina. To this viewer, the former is more likely.

Annewies van den Hoek and John J. Herrmann, Jr., “Thecla the Beast Fighter: A Female Emblem of Deliverance in Early Christian Popular Art,” The Studia Philonica Annual: Studies in Hellenistic Judaism, 13 (2001), pp. 212–249; see also Herrmann and van den Hoek, Light from the Age of Augustine (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Divinity School, 2002), pl. 49.

Davis, Cult of St. Thecla, pp. 87–112.

Renate Pillinger, “Neue Entdeckungen in der sogennanten Paulusgrotte von Ephesus,” Mitteilungen zur christlichen Archaeologie 6 (2000), pp. 16–29.

Davis, Cult of St. Thecla, pp. 48–80.

MacDonald, Legend and the Apostle, chapters 3, 4.

MacDonald, Legend and the Apostle, chapters 3, 4.

Davis, Cult of St. Thecla, pp. 31–32.

For more on this, see Dennis R. MacDonald, The Legend and the Apostle: The Battle for Paul in Story and Canon (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1983); Stephen J. Davis, The Cult of St. Thecla: A Tradition of Women’s Piety in Late Antiquity (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 2001).