Bible Review
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Endnote 1 - Alphabet and Internet
See “Frank Moore Cross—An Interview, Part 3: How the Alphabet Democratized Civilization,” BR 08:06. The origins of the alphabet were also discussed by P. Kyle McCarter, Jr., et al. in a presentation on the Wadi el-Hol inscription at the 1999 Society of Biblical Literature meeting in Boston.
Endnote 5 - Portraits of Jesus—Miraculous and Man-made
One rather fantastic theory suggests that the Mandylion later turned up in Turin as the shroud. See Ian Wilson, The Shroud of Turin (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1978); and the critique of such a theory in Averil Cameron, “The Sceptic and the Shroud,” in Continuity and Change in Sixth-Century Byzantium (London: Variorum Reprints, 1981).
Endnote 4 - Portraits of Jesus—Miraculous and Man-made
Endnote 3 - Portraits of Jesus—Miraculous and Man-made
Endnote 2 - Portraits of Jesus—Miraculous and Man-made
Endnote 1 - Portraits of Jesus—Miraculous and Man-made
Endnote 12 - The Two Faces of Jesus
Such an explanation might also account for the differences seen in the presentation of Jesus at his baptism in the Orthodox and Arian baptisteries. The designers of the Arian mosaics may deliberately have changed Jesus from an older figure to a younger (unbearded) one since he had not at that point “entered into his glory.”
Endnote 11 - The Two Faces of Jesus
Certain younger pagan gods like Hercules and Dionysus were also depicted as both youthful and mature, bearded and unbearded, perhaps to suggest their own adaptability and multivalence, or even their ambiguous sexuality. Thus we may have here another kind of parallel between Christian iconography and that of the Greco-Roman religions.
Endnote 10 - The Two Faces of Jesus
Cyril of Jerusalem, Catechetical Lectures 10.5 (Andrew A. Stephenson, trans., The Works of Saint Cyril of Jerusalem, vol. 1 [Washington, DC: Catholic Univ. of America Press, 1969], p. 198). See also (for comparison), Origen, Against Celsus 2.64 or the Acts of John 87–89 for other examples of Jesus’ variant and changing appearance.
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