An Architectural Guide to Roman/Byzantine Beth-Shean

architrave (AR-key-trayve): the continuous, beam-like horizontal architectural feature—often decorated or inscribed—that rests on column capitals.

basilica (beh-SILL-eh-kuh): a large, multi-purpose public hall, typically consisting of a nave (see below), side aisles and a semicircular apse. An important influence on church, as well as synagogue, architecture of the fourth century and after.

cornice (CORE-nees): a prominent, continuous horizontal projecting feature surmounting a wall or other construction.

hypocaust (HlGH-peh-cost): a central heating system in which short column stubs support a floor and allow heat from an adjoining furnace room to circulate and heat the room above.

naos (NAY-os): the principal chamber of a classical temple; the shrine.

nave: the central aisle of a church, synagogue or temple, extending from the main entrance to the altar area; columns often flank the sides of a nave, separating it from parallel aisles of less height and width.

nymphaeum (nim-FAY-uhm): an elaborate fountain, sometimes decorated with statuary.

odeon (oh-DEE-on), also odeum: a small theater for musical or other performances; usually roofed.