Biblical Archaeology Review

Josephus, The Jewish War 5.225.

Leen Ritmeyer, “The Architectural Development of the Temple Mount in Jerusalem” (Ph.D. dissertation, Univ. of Manchester, 1992).

For further reading, see A. Mazar, “The 1997–1998 Excavations at Tel Rehov: Preliminary Report,” Israel Exploration Journal 49 (1999), pp. 1–42. The article is available on the Web at <www.rehov.org>.

A test was made on an olive tree, but it apparently was from a very old tree since it dated to a much earlier period (1400–1260 B.C.E.). For this reason, we ignore it here. An elm tree has a much shorter life. The carbon 14 dates were made in the laboratories of the University of Arizona and the Weizmann Institute, Israel.

A.W. McNicoll et al. in Pella in Jordan 2, Mediterranean Archaeology Supplement 2 (Sydney, Australia: Meditarch, 1992), pp. 97–100, pls. 70–71.

Papyrus Anastasi 1, in Pritchard, ANET, p. 477.

“A Campaign of Seti I in Northern Palestine,” in Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament (ANET), 3rd ed., ed. James B. Pritchard (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 1969), p. 253.

Shmuel Ahituv (Canaanite Toponyms in Ancient Egyptian Documents [Jerusalem: Magness Press and Brill, 1984], pp. 163–165) classifies the Egyptian sources as referring to three cities of that name: one in the Akko Valley, a second in the northern part of Western Galilee, and the third in the Beth-Shean Valley.

The excavations at Tel Rehov are carried out on behalf of the Institute of Archaeology of the Hebrew University in Jerusalem. The excavations are directed by Amihai Mazar and sponsored by John Camp, who is also the field photographer of the expedition. The core staff includes Adi Asudri; SeJin Koh; Robert Mullins; Nava Panitz-Cohen; Amir Sumakai-Pink and Dalit Weinblatt. Maria Caplan is the surveyor.