Biblical Archaeology Review

See Molly Whittaker, Jews and Christians: Graeco-Roman Views (Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984), pp. 14–130.

This reading of Antiquities of the Jews was developed by the late Morton Smith of Columbia University; see “Palestinian Judaism in the First Century,” in Israel: Its Role in Civilization, ed. Moshe Davis (New York: JTSA/Harper & Brothers, 1956), pp. 67–81, esp. 74–75.

Laqueur’s interpretation received widespread publicity and support, especially through the qualified endorsement of Henry St. John Thackeray, Josephus’s first translator for the Loeb Classical Library. Thackeray’s 1928 lectures on Josephus became the standard introductory textbook, Josephus: The Man and the Historian (New York: Ktav, 1967 [1929]).

Reprisals in other areas play a large role in Josephus’s chronicle of the revolt (The Jewish War 2.399, 457–498; 7:41–62, 361–369).

S.H. Hooke, Middle Eastern Mythology (Harmondsworth, UK: Penguin, 1963), p. 42.

William F. Albright, “Editorial Note,” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 80 (1940), p. 21 n. 51.

Henri Frankfort, Kingship and the Gods (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1948), pp. 224–226, 237.

Moawiyah M. Ibrahim, “Two Ammonite Statuettes from Khirbet el-Hajjar,” Annual of the Department of Antiquities of Jordan 16 (1971), pp. 91–97.

Tallay Ornan, “The Dayan Collection,” Israel Museum Journal 2 (1983), pp. 14–16, 18 n. 63. Ornan notes that a similar rosette diadem is seen on a female bust now in the collection of Mr. and Mrs. A. Spaer of Jerusalem. Because the Spaer bust appears to have been purchased from the same source as the bust in the Dayan Collection, the two busts may originally have formed a pair and should perhaps be identified as an Ammonite king and queen.

Barnett, Assyrian Palace Reliefs, p. 121.