Biblical Archaeology Review is the flagship publication of the Biblical Archaeology Society. For more than 40 years it has been making the world of archaeology in the lands of the Bible come alive for the interested layperson. Full of vivid images and articles written by leading scholars, this is a must read for anyone interested in the archaeology of the ancient Near East.
Walter Bauer and Frederick William Danker, A Greek-English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, 3rd ed. (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001), p. 206.
Cited in Rosalinde A. Kearsley and Trevor V. Evans, eds., Greeks and Romans in Imperial Asia: Mixed Language Inscriptions and Linguistic Evidence for Cultural Interactions until the End of A.D. 111 (Bonn: Dr. Rudolf Habelt GMBH, 2001), pp. 134–135.
See Wilhelm Dittenberger, Orientis Graeci Inscriptiones Selectae, vol. 2 (Hildesheim, Zürich and New York: Georg Olms Verlag, 1986), pp. 125–183.
See Sarah Morris, “Zur Vorgeschichte der Artemis Ephesia,” in Ulrike Muss, ed., Die Archäologie der ephesischen Artemis: Gestalt und Ritual eines Heiligtums (Vienna: Phoibos-Verlag, 2008), pp. 58–59.
Polybius, Histories 21.6.7; 21.37.5–6; Dionysius of Halicarnassus, Roman Antiquities 2.19.4.
F.F. Bruce, The Acts of the Apostles: The Greek Text with Introduction and Commentary (Grand Rapids: Eerdmans, 1984), p. 367; Ernst Haenchen, The Acts of the Apostles: A Commentary (Philadelphia: Westminster Press, 1971), p. 575.
Censuses of ancient cities did not exist according to modern standards. In The Rise of Christianity (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1996), p. 131, Rodney Stark estimates Ephesus as the third-largest city of the Roman Empire (following Rome and Alexandria) with a population of 200,000, and Antioch the fourth largest with 150,000. Mark Wilson, Biblical Turkey: A Guide to the Jewish and Christian Sites of Asia Minor (Istanbul: Yaylinlari, 2010), p. 200, estimates the population of Ephesus at 250,000, slightly less than that of Antioch.
BAR has long taken this position. See Hershel Shanks, ed., Archaeology’s Publication Problem, vol. 1 (Washington, DC: Biblical Archaeology Society, 1996); Hershel Shanks, ed., Archaeology’s Publication Problem, vol. 2 (Washington, DC: Biblical Archaeology Society, 1999).
Most recently in “Predilections—Is the ‘Brother of Jesus’ Inscription a Forgery?” BAR 41:05.
