Bible Review

Letter 70.

Letter 133. All letters are quoted and numbered according to the three-volume English edition of van Gogh’s letters: The Complete Letters of Vincent van Gogh, 3 vols. (Boston: New York Graphic Society, 1981).

E.g., in Boardman, Athenian Red Figure Vases: The Classical Period—A Handbook (London: Thames and Hudson, 1989), pls. 177, 229, 285, 294, 324; see also, in general, Martin Litchfield West, Ancient Greek Music (Oxford and New York: Clarendon, 1992), p. 124; Mitchell, “Music of the Old Testament,” p. 137.

Conveniently quoted in Andrew Barker, Greek Musical Writings, vol. 1, The Musician and His Art (Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press, 1984), pp. 59–60, 74–76, 88.

Herodotus, Histories 4.76.

In Mitchell and Ray Joyce, “The Musical Instruments in Nebuchadnezzar’s Orchestra,” in D.J. Wiseman, ed., Notes on Some Problems in the Book of Daniel (London: Tyndale Press, 1965), pp. 19–27, at pp. 25–26.

Engel, Music.

The illustration appeared in George Rawlinson, The Five Great Monarchies of the Ancient Eastern World, 2nd ed., 3 vols. (New York: Dodd, Mead, & Co., 1881), vol. 1, p. 538; and Carl Engel, The Music of the Most Ancient Nations, Particularly the Assyrians, Egyptians and Hebrews (London: J. Murray, 1864).

See, e.g., Remnant, Musical Instruments of the West (London: Batsford, 1978), p. 177; see also, conveniently, The Century Dictionary, rev. ed., 10 vols. (London and New York: The Century Co., 1899), vol. 7, p. 5337, with an illustration from a Persian painting (this dictionary was edited by the great Yale Sanskrit scholar William Dwight Whitney).

See Austen Henry Layard, Monuments of Nineveh, 2nd ser. (London: John Murray, 1853), pl. 49; and Discoveries in the Ruins of Nineveh and Babylon (London: John Murray, 1853), pp. 454–455, p. 454 n.