Bible Review

For more on the conflicting gospel accounts of Jesus’ birth, see “Where Was Jesus Born?”—a debate between Steve Mason and Jerome Murphy-O’Connor in BR 16:01.

On these early Christian texts, see David R. Cartlidge, “The Christian Apocrypha: Preserved in Art,” BR 13:03.

The stimulating and provocative rereading of Paul offered by John G. Gager in “Paul’s Contradictions: Can They Be Resolved?” BR 14:06, was not shared by medieval Christian exegetes.

Although not specified in the 1215 edict, the French would soon require a circle to be sewn onto Jews’ clothing, while the English required a badge in the shape of tablets. Later in the 13th century, Germany imposed a “traditional” Jewish hat—which seemed to derive from art rather than the other way around.

These four Hebrew letters, often transliterated “Yahweh,” constitute the personal name of the Israelite God.

See Florent Heintz, “Polyglot Antioch,” AO 03:06.

See Roy W. Hoover, “How the Books of the New Testament Were Chosen,” BR 09:02.

For more on the city and the Temple as Paradise, see Lawrence E. Stager, “Jerusalem as Eden,” BAR 26:03; and Victor Hurowitz, “Inside Solomon’s Temple,” BR 10:02.