Bible Review

“The Gospel of Thomas—Does It Contain Authentic Sayings of Jesus?” BR 06:02.

C.E. (Common Era) is the scholarly alternate designation corresponding to A.D.

See Davies’ article, “My Odyssey in New Testament Interpretation,” BR 05:03.

This is the period of the Mishnah, the compilation of Jewish laws collated by Rabbi Judah the Prince in about 200 C.E.

The Talmud (tahl-Mood) is a collection of Jewish laws and teachings, comprising the Mishnah (a compilation of laws collected by Rabbi Judah the Prince about 200 C.E.) and the Gemara (a commentary on the Mishnah). There are two Talmuds. The Palestinian Talmud was completed in the mid-fifth century; the Babylonian Talmud, completed in the mid-sixth century, became authoritative.

In Arabic the Carmel mountain is called Jebel Mar Elias, “The mountain of the prophet Elijah.”

See Harold Brodsky, “The Shephelah—Guardian of Judea,” BR 03:04.

Carmel was also a city in the Hebron region, in the south, mentioned in 1 Samuel 25 as the place where David first met his wife Abigail. The same Hebrew word, carmel, spelled in the same way, appears in Leviticus 2:14 and 23:14 and 2 Kings 4:42 to mean fresh, still-soft grain.

Literary evidence from the 18 century relates that Dhahar al-Amar, the Bedouin ruler of the area, built a fort at Yoqne’am, but no remains have been found yet, except for a few sherds.

See Amnon Ben-Tor, “The Regional Study—A New Approach to Archaeological Investigation,” BAR 06:02.