Biblical Archaeology Review

Stern, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods, p. 324.

NEAEHL 1, pp. 249–253. Stern (Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods, p. 325) is not clear on the subject of Beth-Shemesh. He does not say it was destroyed in 586, but it is classed with major towns in western Judah which were all totally destroyed. Earlier (p. 147) he states it was destroyed in 701 B.C.E.

See David Ussishkin, “The Date of the Judean Shrine at Arad,” Israel Exploration Journal 38 (1988), pp. 142–157. On Arad ostracon #14, referring to measures to be taken in the event of an Edomite attack, see Yohanan Aharoni, Arad Inscriptions (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1981), pp. 46–49. Aharoni’s stratigraphy has also been questioned by Yigael Yadin, Ehud Netzer, Amihai Mazar and others.

Stern, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods, p. 318. Oren’s reports are in Excavations and Explorations in Israel 2 (1983), pp. 33–35; 3 (1984), pp. 27–30; 4 (1985), pp. 31–33; 9 (1989/1990), pp. 69–73; also NEAEHL 2, p. 583 and OEANE 2, p. 476.

Moshe Dothan, NEAEHL 1, p. 100; William G. Dever, OEANE 1, pp. 219–220.

Stern, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods, p. 316; emphasis mine.

Stern, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods, p. 316.

Stern, Assyrian, Babylonian, and Persian Periods, p. 315.

Jean-Baptiste Humbert in NEAEHL 3, p. 867; William G. Dever arrived at the same conclusion in OEANE 3, p. 279.

Dothan found evidence of burning in two buildings from Iron Age IIB-III. He dated the lower phase to the reign of Sennacherib and the upper to that of Ashurbanipal (NEAEHL 1, p. 22). William G. Dever agrees: “The site was destroyed by fire, probably in the late 8th century B.C.E.” (OEANE 2, p. 55).