Biblical Archaeology Review

Jerusalem Talmud, Bikkurim 3.4, 65d.

Shmuel Safrai, “Was There a Women’s Gallery in the Ancient Synagogue?” Tarbiz 32 (1963), pp. 329–330 (Hebrew). In Ze’ev Safrai’s opinion, separation between men and women, and the consequent construction of women’s galleries, only began at the end of the ancient era. See Ze’ev Safrai, “Dukhan, Aron and Teva: How Was the Ancient Synagogue Furnished?” in Rachel Hachlili, ed. Ancient Synagogues in Israel, British Archaeological Reports, International Series 499 (Oxford, 1989), pp. 78–79.

See Ehud Netzer and Zeev Weiss, “New Mosaic Art From Sepphoris,” BAR 18:06.

See “Mosaic Masterpiece Dazzles Sepphoris Volunteers,” BAR 14:01. Also see Mark Chancey and Eric M. Meyers, “How Jewish Was Sepphoris in Jesus’ Time?” BAR 26:04.

Josephus, Antiquities 18.27.

Jodi Magness, “Some Observations on the Roman Temple at Kedesh,” Israel Exploration Journal (IEJ) 40 (1990), pp. 173–181; see also Ovadiah, Roll and Fischer, “The Roman Temple at Kedesh in Upper Galilee: A Response,” IEJ 43 (1993), pp. 60–63.

I am grateful to Jane Cahill for her help on this article. She caught several errors and provided me with much of the documentation.