Biblical Archaeology Review

H.J. Franken, “The Problem of Identification in Biblical Archaeology,” Palestine Exploration Fund 1976, p. 7.

For Albright’s biography and appraisals of his scholarly work, see Leona G. Running and David N. Freedman, William Foxwell Albright. A Twentieth Century Genius (New York: Morgan, 1975); Gus W. Van Beek, ed., The Scholarship of William Foxwell Albright. An Appraisal (Atlanta: Scholars Press, 1989). Especially relevant to the present discussion are the critical articles by Jack M. Sasson, Neil A. Silberman, William G. Dever and Burke O. Long in Biblical Archaeologist 56 (1993).

William G. Dever, “Syro-Palestinian Archaeology and Biblical Archaeology,” in D.A. Knight and G.M. Tucker, eds., The Hebrew Bible and its Modern Interpreters (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1985), pp. 31–74. See also his Recent Archaeological Discoveries and Biblical Research (Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1990), pp. 12–31.

Israel Museum Journal 1987, p. 21. To his list of such erroneous interpretations one may add Duncan Mackenzie’s identification of mas\s\eboth in an eighth-century B.C.E. ordinary house at Tell Beth-Shemesh, and James Kelso’s mas\s\eboth at Beth-El—apparently a standing fieldstone.

For Sellin’s work in Palestine, as well as for the Babel und Bibel controversy, see Silberman, Petrie and the Founding Fathers, pp. 548–549; P.R.S. Moorey, A Century of Biblical Archaeology (Cambridge: The Lutterworth Press, 1991), pp. 33, 44–47.

R.A.S. Macalister, A History of Civilization, pp. 20–26.

See Seymour Gitin, “Stratigraphy and Its Application to Chronology and Terminology,” in Biblical Archaeology Today, Proceedings of the International Congress on Biblical Archaeology, Jerusalem, April 1984 (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1985), pp. 100–101.

All citations are from Macalister’s A History of Civilization.

Macalister, A History of Civilization, pp. 33–46.

R.A.S. Macalister, A History of Civilization in Palestine (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1921), p. 31.