Biblical Archaeology Review

For convenient summaries of the evidence, see Trude Dothan, The Philistines and Their Material Culture (New Haven, CT: Yale Univ. Press; Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Sociery, 1982), pp. 80–82; Amihai Mazar, Archaeology of the Land of the Bible (New York: Doubleday, 1990), pp. 380–382.

See Russell, “Earthquake Chronology,” p. 50.

See the early fifth-century sarcophagus of Eshmunezer (Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts, p. 662) and the account of the Roman historian Claudius Iolaus as excerpted in Stephanus Byzantinus under the heading “Doros,” in C. Muller, Fragmenta Historicorum Graecorum (1841–1870) 4.363; cf also Josephus, Life 31 and Against Apion 2.116.

See Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, 3rd ed., ed. James B. Pritchard (Princeton: Princeton Univ. Press, 1969), p. 26, The transcription of the Egyptian skl is controversial; Pritchard uses the old reading of “Tjekker.”
For a discussion of this text in relation to Dor, see Ephraim Stern, “The Many Masters of Dor—Part I: When Canaanites Became Phoenician Sailors,” BAR 19:01.

On the tendency to ignore accidental fires in archaeology, see Anthony M. Snodgrass, An Archaeology of Greece (Berkeley: Univ. of California Press, 1987), pp. 46–47. As to earthquake-caused fires in antiquity, Nicomedia burned for five days and nights after the earthquake of 358 (Ammianus Marcellinus, Histories 17.7.8), and in Antioch, fire destroyed most of what the earthquake of 526 did not (John Malalas, Chronicle 17.4 [B. 419.21]); for comments, see Russell, “Earthquake Chronology,” p. 51.

Though as we shall see, this number may need to be revised. For details, see Russell, “Earthquake Chronology,” p. 52.

Avigad, “The Priest of Dor,” Israel Exploration Journal 25 (1975), pp. 103–104.

Nahman Avigad, “A Hebrew Seal Depicting a Sailing Ship,” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 246 (1982), pp. 59–61].

See James B. Pritchard, ed., Ancient Near Eastern Texts Relating to the Old Testament, 3rd ed. (Princeton, NJ: Princeton Univ. Press, 1969), pp. 278–283.