Biblical Archaeology Review

Walter C. McCrone and C. Skirius, “Light Microscopical Study of the Turin Shroud,” Microscope, 28/3 (1980), p. 105.

Heller and Adler, “Blood on the Shroud of Turin,” Applied Optics, 19/16 (1980), pp. 2742–2744.

The two slides prepared in OV 17 were heated on a hot stage to 350° C. Most of the particles adhering to the fibers darkened, as did the fibers and not a great deal was learned from heating except that there was a change with heat.

The fibers and adhesive were separated by carefully washing the adhesive from a small tape sample taken from the lance-wound area with reagent grade toluene. The reddish particles were unaffected by the toluene wash and continued to adhere to the fibers. There were, however, a few clusters that broke off from the fibers during handling.

The tape samples were given to Joseph Kohlbeck in October of 1982 by Dr. Ray Rogers of the Los Alamos National Laboratory for the purpose of obtaining quality photomicrographs. Following this work, Rogers granted permission to pursue some additional investigative work.

Ricardo Levi-Setti, G. Crow and Y. L. Wang, “Progress in High Resolution Scanning Ion Microscopy and Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry Imaging Microanalysis,” Scanning Electron Microscopy, 1985, 11, pp. 535–552.