Biblical Archaeology Review

See Cogan and Tadmor, Kings, p. 106.

Mordechai Cogan and Hayim Tadmor, II Kings, Anchor Bible 11 (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1988), p. 106.

Michelle Marcus, “Geography as an Organizing Principle in the Imperial Art of Shalmaneser III,” Iraq 49 (1987), pp. 77–90.

To date no such statue has been found; it is known only from Shalmaneser III’s later inscriptions.

James Maxwell Miller and John H. Hayes, A History of Ancient Israel (Philadelphia: The Westminster Press, 1896), pp. 269–270.

See Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts, pp. 277–278, 278–279. Scholars assume the inscription on the stela was composed not long after Shalmaneser III’s sixth year, 853 B.C.E. Since he campaigned in the area of Kurkh in his seventh year, it is probable that the stela was set up at that time.

A.K. Grayson, Assyrian Royal Inscriptions, Part 2: From Tigleth-pileser I to Ashurnasir-apli II (Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, 1976), p. 143, para. 586. See Pritchard, Ancient Near Eastern Texts, pp. 275–276.

See, for example, F.M. Fales, Assyrian Royal Inscriptions: New Horizons in Literary, Ideological, and Historical Analysis (Rome: Instituto per l’Oriente Centro per le Antichita e la Storia dell’Arte del Vicint Oriente, 1981). For information on the political function of Assyrian reliefs, see P. Gerardi, “The Arab Campaigns of Assurbanipal: Scribal Reconstructions of the Past,” State Archives of Assyria Bulletin VI:2 (1992), pp. 67–103.