Biblical Archaeology Review

Nelson Glueck, Deities and Dolphins (Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1965).

Josephus, Antiquities XIII, 21.

2 Maccabees 4:1–5, 7–9.

S. P. Brock, “A Letter Attributed to Cyril of Jerusalem on the Rebuilding of the Temple.” Bulletin of the Society of Oriental and Asian Studies, 40, 1977, pp. 267–86 and “The Rebuilding of the Temple Julian: A New Source,” Palestine Exploration Quarterly, 108, 1976, pp. 103–107.

Cf. John 2:22, (2:17?), 12:16, 3:7, (14:26), for Gospel attestation to this awareness.

Apocryphal Gospels are Christian writings which arose primarily in the second century A.D., and which were fanciful, imaginative, and fictitious expansions upon various aspects of Jesus’ life and for ministry. There is a tendency for apocryphal materials to fill in areas which are lacking in the canonical Gospels (such as Jesus’ infancy, boyhood, youth, young manhood, etc.).

Redaction is the literary activity by which an individual takes material already available to him, organizes it in his own way and reworks it as well as adds to it to create his own literary product.

The scribes being the basic opponents of Jesus during his ministry, and, together with the Chief Priests, responsible for his crucifixion.