Bible Review

See Raymond O. Faulkner, The Ancient Egyptian Pyramid Texts, (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1969). The texts date from the Vth and VIth Dynasties, the second half of the third millennium B.C. See Alan Gardiner, Egypt of the Pharaohs (Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press, 1964), p. 87.

Kjeld Nielsen, Incense in Ancient Israel (Leiden: E.J. Brill, 1986), p. 115, note 160.

Herman Grapow et al., Ubersetzung der medizinischen Texte, (Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, 1958).

Jorden A. Knudtzon, Die El-amarna Tafeln (Leipzig: J.C. Heinrichs, 1915), no. 269, line 16.

James H. Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt II (Chicago: Univ. of Chicago Press, 1906), p. 113.

As for the connection between Adonis and Tammuz, see W.W.G. Baudissin, Adonis und Esmun (Leipzig: J.C. Henrichs, 1911) pp. 352–371.

For further details, see John P. Meier, “Jesus in Josephus: A Modest Proposal,” Catholic Biblical Quarterly 52 (1990), pp. 76–103.

This also explains why early Christian writers (especially the apologists of the second century) passed over the Testimonium in silence and why Origen complained that Josephus did not believe that Jesus was the Christ.

Josephus, Jewish Antiquities, transl. Louis H. Feldman, Loeb Classical Library (Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, 1965), vol. 9, p. 496n.

Paul Winter, quoted in Emil Schürer, The History of the Jewish People (Edinburgh: T & T Clark, 1973–1986), vol. 1, p. 431.