Bible Review

A list of all works traditionally attributed to Romanos is found in Grosdidier de Matons, Romanos le Mélode, pp. 330–331.

The most authoritative text and commentary on the “Akathistos Hymn” is Trypanis, Fourteen Early Byzantine Cantica (Vienna: Bühlau, 1968) (= Wiener byzantische Studien 5, pp.17–39.

For a survey of later kontakia, see Grosdidier de Matons, Romanos le Mélode, pp. 48–65.

See Egon Wellesz, A History of Byzantine Music and Hymnography (Oxford: Clarendon, 2nd ed., 1961), pp. 179–197

The most complete discussion of the structure and metrics of the kontakia is José Grosdidier de Matons, Romanos le Mélode et les origines de la poesie religieuse a Byzance (Paris: Beauchesne 1977) 119–156, and Paul Mass and Constantine A. Trypanis, Sancti Romani Melodi Cantica: Cantica Genuina (Oxford: Clarendon, 1963) pp xi–xxiii.

Emil Schürer, The History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, revised and edited by Vermes, Fergus Millar and Matthew Black (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1979), p. 410, n. 31. MMT shows that the authors did in fact embrace one position—regarding the liquid stream discussed in the sidebar to this article—that Schürer thought was a joke.

Schiffman deals with this subject in his Bible Review, essay mentioned above. For a fuller elaboration, see his “The Temple Scroll and Systems of Jewish Law of the Second Temple Period,” in Temple Scroll Studies, ed. George J. Brooke, Journal for the Study of the Pseudepigrapha Supplement Series 7 (Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press, 1989), pp. 245–251.

See Elisha Qimron and John Strugnell, “An Unpublished Halakhic Letter from Qumran,” in Biblical Archaeology Today, ed. Janet Amitai (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1985), pp. 400–407.

Frank Moore Cross, “The Early History of the Qumran Community,” in New Directions in Biblical Archaeology, ed. Freedman and Jonas C. Greenfield (Garden City: Doubleday, 1971), pp. 77.