Bible Review

Alfred Loisy, Les Actes des Apotres (Paris: Nourry, 1920), p. 787.

A good argument can be made that 1 Thessalonians 2:14–16 are a later addition to Paul’s letter; see Birger Pearson, “1 Thessalonians 2:13–16: A Deutero-Pauline Interpolation,” Harvard Theological Review 64 (1971), pp. 79–94. Some scholars have agreed with Pearson, but some have disagreed, and the issue remains unsettled.

See the statistical evidence in my The Jews in Luke-Acts, pp. 71–72.

On the issue of Jewish persecution in Matthew, one should note especially Douglas R.A. Hare, The Theme of Jewish Persecution of Christians in the Gospel According to St. Matthew (Cambridge, UK: University Press, 1967). The translation of dioko as “harry” is Hare’s, a translation that I regard as particularly apt.

I here follow the argument of E.P. Sanders, Paul, the Law, and the Jewish People (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1983), pp. 190–192.

It is not clear that Paul knows more than one James. In Galatians 1:19 he mentions “James the Lord’s brother,” and otherwise he refers only to James. One would thus not know from Paul that there were two Jameses, as in Acts.

See the additional arguments in this regard in E.P. Sanders, Jesus and Judaism (Philadelphia: Fortress, 1985), pp. 284–287.