Biblical Archaeology Review

Pesikta Rabbati 36, translated from the Hebrew by W.G. Braude, (New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, 1968), pp. 678–679.

The possible connection between the Testament of Benjamin and the Messiah son of Joseph was already noted by G.H. Dix, “The Messiah Ben Joseph,” Journal of Theologic Studies 27 (1926), pp. 135–136, and by J. Jeremias, Theologisches Wörterbuch zum Neuen Testament 5, pp. 685–686.

Howard Clark Kee, “Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs,” in James H. Charlesworth, ed., The Old Testament Pseudepigrapha, vol. 1 (New York: Doubleday, 1983), p. 826.

See Martha Himmelfarb, “Sefer Zerubbabel,” in David Stern and M.J. Mirsky, eds., Rabbinic Fantasies: Imaginative Narratives from Classical Hebrew Literature (Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society, 1990), pp. 67–90.

Hershel Shanks, Jerusalem—An Archaeological Biography,” (New York: Random House, 1995), p. 91. See also Ronny Reich and Eli Shimron, “Reconsidering the Karstic Theory as an Explanation of the Cutting of Hezekiah’s Tunnel in Jerusalem,” Bulletin of the American Schools of Oriental Research 325 (2002), p. 75.

Amos Frumkin and Aryeh Shimron, “Tunnel Engineering in the Iron Age: Geoarchaeology of the Siloam Tunnel, Jerusalem,” Journal of Archaeological Science 33 (1976), p. 227. See also Amos Frumkin, Aryeh Shimron and Jeff Rosenbaum, “Radiometric Dating of the Siloam Tunnel, Jerusalem,” Nature 425 (2003), pp. 169–171.

Dan Gill, “Subterranean Water Works of Biblical Jerusalem: Adaptation of a Karst System,” Science 254 (1991), p. 1467.

Ruth Amiran, Qadmoniot 1 (1968), p. 13 (Hebrew). See also, Arie Issar, “The Evolution of the Ancient Water System in the Region of Jerusalem,” Israel Exploration Journal 26 (1976), p. 130.

Henry Sulley, Quarterly Statement of the Palestine Exploration Fund (1929), p. 124.

The most recent suggestion, by Amos Frumkin and Aryeh Shimron, is that zdh refers to a false echo as the two teams were trying to find each other. This accounts, in their view, for the hewing deviations.